Dr Susan Carruthers

  • Role: Adjunct Research Fellow
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  • Location: Perth
  • Email: s.carruthers@curtin.edu.au
  • Phone: 61 (0)9 9266 1600
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Photo of Susan Carruthers

Susan Carruthers was a Research Fellow at NDRI from its inception in the mid-1980s until she retired in 2016. Her major interests were in the area of the injection of illicit drugs and, in particular, the prevention of the transmission of blood borne viruses.

Susan completed her Master’s degree while investigating community perception and habits in terms of standard drinks. She completed her PhD in 2001, trialling a unique research method of using recorded film to establish what aspects of the injecting process contributed to the transmission of hepatitis C. Over the following years Susan conducted research in prisons, looking at knowledge of hepatitis C and behaviours in prison that contribute to the further transmission of hepatitis, and the readiness of prisoners to take up treatment while in prison.

Since retiring, Susan has continued to work in the illicit drugs area and is the Evaluation and Community Development officer at the Bunbury based peer drug user organisation, Peer Based Harm Reduction WA. She continues to be involved in research and, in conjunction with NDRI Professor Steve Allsop, is planning a study on the nature of secondary distribution of sterile injecting material in the south west of WA. She has also joined the advisory panel for an ARC funded study investigating lived experience of treatment for hepatitis C.

Susan has published in many national and international journals such as Tobacco Control, Drug and Alcohol Review, Substance Use, and the International Journal of Drug Policy.

  • PhD Illicit Drugs and Hepatitis C, National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University
  • MPH Alcohol, Public Health, Curtin University
  • Grad Dip Dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Curtin University
  • BAppSci Nutrition, Nutrition and Dietetics, Curtin University
  • Illicit drug use; Hepatitis C and other blood borne viruses and injecting drug use; prevention of harm associated with injecting drug use.

Palma-Alvarez, R., Csaba, B., Carpentier, P., Carruthers, S., Crunelle, C., L., Demetrovics, Z., Dom, G., Faraone, S., V., Franck, J., Johnson, B., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Kaye, S., S., Konstenius, M., Matthys, F., I., Moggi, F., Moller, M., Schellekens, A., S., Skutle, A., van de Glind, G., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Verspreet, S., Schoevers, R., A., Wallhed, S., Levin, F., R., Grau-López, S., Casas, M., van den Brink, W. and Ramos-Quiroga, J. Validity of the ADHD module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview PLUS for screening of adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients: ADHD screening with MINI-Plus. Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental. [In Press] doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.013 [RJ1621] View web page

Rashidi, A., Higgs, P. and Carruthers, S. (2020). Aboriginal people with chronic HCV: The role of community health nurses for improving health-related quality of life. Collegian, 27, (3), pp. 250-257. doi:10.1016/j.colegn.2019.08.006 [RJ1577] View web page

Kaye, S., S., Ramos-Quiroga, J., van de Glind, G., Levin, F., R., Faraone, S., V., Allsop, S., Degenhardt, L., Moggi, F., Barta, C., Konstenius, M., Franck, J., Skutle, A., Bu, E., H., Koeter, M., W., Demetrovics, Z., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Schoevers, R., A., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Carpentier, P., Dom, G., Verspreet, S., Crunelle, C., L., Young, J., T., Carruthers, S., Cassar, J., Fatséas, M., Auriacombe, M., Johnson, B., Dunn, M., Slobodin, O. and van den Brink, W. (2019). Persistence and subtype stability of ADHD among substance use disorder treatment seekers. Journal of Attention Disorders, 23, (12), pp. 1438-1453. doi:10.1177/1087054716629217 [RJ1195] View web page

Konstenius, M., Leifman, A., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., van de Glind, G., Franck, J., Moggi, F., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Levin, F., R., Carpentier, P., Skutle, A., Bu, E., H., Kaye, S., S., Demetrovics, Z., Barta, C., Auriacombe, M., Fatséas, M., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Schoevers, R., A., Verspreet, S., Dom, G., Koeter, M., W. and van den Brink, W. (2017). Childhood trauma exposure in substance use disorder patients with and without ADHD. Addictive Behaviors, 65, pp. 118-124. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.10.016 [RJ1280] View web page

Skutle, A., Bu, E., H., Jellestad, F., K., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Dom, G., Verspreet, S., Carpentier, P., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Franck, J., Konstenius, M., Kaye, S., S., Demetrovics, Z., Barta, C., Fatséas, M., Auriacombe, M., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Levin, F., R., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Schoevers, R., A., Koeter, M., W., van den Brink, W., Moggi, F., Moller, M. and van de Glind, G. (2015). Early developmental, temperamental and educational problems in 'substance use disorder' patients with and without ADHD. Does ADHD make a difference? Addictive Behaviours Reports, (2). Elsevier. pp. 13-18. doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2015.03.001 [O] View web page

Wapp, M., van de Glind, G., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Dom, G., Verspreet, S., Carpentier, P., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Skutle, A., Bu, E., H., Franck, J., Konstenius, M., Kaye, S., S., Demetrovics, Z., Barta, C., Fatséas, M., Auriacombe, M., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Levin, F., R., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Schoevers, R., A., Koeter, M., W., van den Brink, W. and Moggi, F. (2015). Risk factors for borderline personality disorder in treatment seeking patients with a substance use disorder: An international multicentre study. European Addiction Research, 21, (4), pp. 188-194. doi:10.1159/000371724 [RJ1007] View web page

Young, J., T., Carruthers, S., Kaye, S., S., Allsop, S., Gilsenan, J., Degenhardt, L., van de Glind, G., van den Brink, W. and Preen, D., B. (2015). Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder complexity and chronicity in treatment-seeking adults. Drug and Alcohol Review, 34, (6), pp. 683-693. doi:10.1111/dar.12249 [RJ1008] View web page

Kaye, S., S., Gilsenan, J., Young, J., T., Carruthers, S., Allsop, S., Degenhardt, L., van de Glind, G. and van den Brink, W. (2014). Risk behaviours among substance use disorder treatment seekers with and without adult ADHD symptoms. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 144, pp. 70-77. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.08.008 [RJ1006] View web page

van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., van de Glind, G., Koeter, M., W., Allsop, S., Auriacombe, M., Barta, C., Bu, E., H., Burren, Y., Carpentier, P., Carruthers, S., Casas, M., Demetrovics, Z., Dom, G., Faraone, S., V., Fatséas, M., Franck, J., Johnson, B., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Kaye, S., S., Konstenius, M., Levin, F., R., Moggi, F., Moller, M., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Schillinger, A., Skutle, A., Verspreet, S., Iasp Research Group, van den Brink, W. and Schoevers, R., A. (2014). Psychiatric comorbidity in treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of the IASP study. Addiction, 109, (2), pp. 262-272. doi:10.1111/add.12370 [RJ978] View web page

Yap, L., Carruthers, S., Thompson, S., Cheng, W., S., Jones, J., Simpson, P., Richards, A., Thein, H., Haber, P., Lloyd, A. and Butler, T. (2014). A descriptive model of patient readiness, motivators, and hepatitis C treatment uptake among Australian prisoners. PloS One, 9, (2), pp. e87564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087564 [RJ1011] View web page

Fetherston, J., Carruthers, S., Butler, T., Wilson, D. and Sindicich, N. (2013). Rates of injection in prison in a sample of Australian-injecting drug users. Journal of Substance Use, 18, (1), pp. 65-73. doi:10.3109/14659891.2012.760008 [RJ865] View web page

Nielsen, S., Bruno, R., Degenhardt, L., Stoove, M., A., Fischer, J., Carruthers, S. and Lintzeris, N. (2013). The sources of pharmaceuticals for problematic users of benzodiazepines and prescription opioids. Medical Journal of Australia, 199, (10), pp. 696-699. doi:10.5694/mja13.11331 [RJ892] View web page

van de Glind, G., Carpentier, P., Levin, F., R., Koeter, M., W., Barta, C., Kaye, S., S., Skutle, A., Franck, J., Konstenius, M., Bu, E., H., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Moggi, F., Dom, G., Demetrovics, Z., Fatséas, M., Schillinger, A., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Verspreet, S., Seitz, A., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Schoevers, R., A. and van den Brink, W. (2013). The International ADHD in Substance Use Disorders Prevalence (IASP) study: background, methods and study population. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 22, (3), pp. 232-244. doi:10.1002/mpr.1397 [RJ948] View web page

van de Glind, G., Konstenius, M., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Carpentier, P., Kaye, S., S., Degenhardt, L., Skutle, A., Franck, J., Bu, E., H., Moggi, F., Dom, G., Verspreet, S., Demetrovics, Z., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Fatséas, M., Auriacombe, M., Schillinger, A., Moller, M., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Casas, M., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Schoevers, R., A., Wallhed, S., Barta, C., Alleman, P., Levin, F., R., van den Brink, W. and Koeter, M., W. (2013). Variability in the prevalence of adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients: Results from an international multi-center study exploring DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 134, (1), pp. 158-166. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.026 [RJ949] View web page

van de Glind, G., van den Brink, W., Koeter, M., W., Carpentier, P., van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, K., Kaye, S., S., Skutle, A., Bu, E., H., Franck, J., Konstenius, M., Moggi, F., Dom, G., Verspreet, S., Demetrovics, Z., Kapitány-Fövény, M., Fatséas, M., Auriacombe, M., Schillinger, A., Seitz, A., Johnson, B., Faraone, S., V., Ramos-Quiroga, J., Casas, M., Allsop, S., Carruthers, S., Barta, C., Schoevers, R., A. and Levin, F., R. (2013). Validity of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) as a screener for adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 132, (3), pp. 587–596. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.010 [RJ947] View web page

Allsop, S., Fischer, A., Carruthers, S., Power, R. and Degenhardt, L. (2012). The link between amphetamine-type stimulant use and the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne viruses in the Southeast Asia region. Australian National Council on Drugs, Civic Square ACT 2608. ISBN: 9788770182799 [R269] View web page

Carruthers, S. and Ryan, C. (2012). Hepatitis C treatment and injecting drug users in Perth Western Australia: Knowledge of personal status and eligibility criteria for treatment. Journal of Substance Use, 17, (1), pp. 32-40. doi:10.3109/14659891.2010.513757 [RJ901] View web page

McBride, N., Carruthers, S. and Hutchinson, D. (2012). Reducing alcohol use during pregnancy: Listening to women who drink as a prevention starting point. A formative intervention research study. Global Health Promotion, 19, (2), pp. 6-18. doi:10.1177/1757975912441225 [RJ690] View web page

Nielsen, S., Bruno, R., Lintzeris, N., Fischer, J., Carruthers, S. and Stoove, M., A. (2011). Pharmaceutical opioid analgesic and heroin dependence: How do treatment-seeking clients differ in Australia? Drug and Alcohol Review, 30, (3), pp. 291-299. doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00302.x [RJ810] View web page

Treloar, C., Laybutt, B. and Carruthers, S. (2010). Using mindfulness to develop health education strategies for blood-borne virus prevention in injecting drug use. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17, (4), pp. 431-442. doi:10.3109/09687630802585377 [RJ544] View web page

Nielsen, S., Bruno, R., Carruthers, S., Fischer, J., Lintzeris, N. and Stoove, M., A. (2009). Pharmaceutical misuse amongst drug treatment clients: patterns of use and associated harm. Drug and Alcohol Review, 28, (1), pp. A48. [RJ732]

McBride, N., Carruthers, S. and Hutchinson, D. (2008). Alcohol use During Pregnancy. Formative Intervention Research. Final Report. National Drug Research Institute, Perth, Western Australia. pp. 91. [T191] Abstract

Treloar, C., Laybutt, B., Jauncey, M., van Beek, I., Lodge, M., M., Malpas, G. and Carruthers, S. (2008). Broadening discussions of 'safe' in hepatitis C prevention: analysis of video recordings of injecting practices. International Journal of Drug Policy, 19, (1), pp. 59-65. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.01.005 [RJ500] View web page

Carruthers, S. (2007). The Organisation of a Community: Community Action to Prevent Injecting Drug Use-Related Health Problems. Substance Use and Misuse, 42, (12), pp. 1971-1977. doi:10.1080/10826080701533302 [RJ501] View web page

McBride, N., Carruthers, S. and Hutchinson, D. (2007). Alcohol Use During Pregnancy. Formative Intervention Research. Annual Report. National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [R204]

Carruthers, S. (2005). Hepatitis C treatment for injecting drug users in Australia. The C Files, (102). pp. 2-5. [UJ136]

Carruthers, S. (2005). Preventing hepatitis C: What can positive injectors do? Drug and Alcohol Review, 24, (2), pp. 193-198. doi:10.1080/09595230500102673 [RJ436] View web page

Russell, M. and Carruthers, S. (2005). The evidence base for preventing the spread of blood-borne diseases within and from populations of injecting drug users. In Stockwell, T., R., Gruenewald, P., Toumbourou, J. and Loxley, W. (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use. The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. [CH133]

Carruthers, S. (2003). Hepatitis C and Novice Injecting Drug Users. Monograph No. 6. National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. ISBN: 1740672739 [M41]

Carruthers, S. (2003). The ins and outs of injecting in Western Australia. Journal of Substance Use, 8, (1), pp. 11-18. doi:10.1080/1465989021000067191 [RJ391] View web page

Carruthers, S. and Arden, K. (2003). Hepatitis C prevention is a two way bet: the role positive injectors in preventing transmission. National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth. [T122]

Carruthers, S. and Loxley, W. (2002). Attitudes of novice heroin injectors towards non-injecting routes of administration to prevent the transmission of blood borne viruses. International Journal of Drug Policy, 13, (1), pp. 69-74. doi:10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00005-1 [RJ368] View web page

Carruthers, S. and Loxley, W. (2002). Attitudes of novice injecting drug users towards non-injecting routes of administration to prevent the transmission of blood borne viruses. International Journal on Drug Policy, 13, (1), pp. 69-74. doi:10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00005-1 [RJ482] View web page

Carruthers, S., Boots, K. and Midford, R. (2002). Perceived and self-reported licit and illicit drug use among fishing industry workers on the mid-north coast of Western Australia. Drug and Alcohol Review, 21, (4), pp. 357-361. doi:10.1080/0959523021000023216 [RJ346] View web page

Dwyer, R., Fry, C., Carruthers, S., Bolleter, A., Dolan, K., Donald, A., Byrne, J. and Loxley, W. (2002). ABRIDUS: The Australian blood-borne virus risk and injecting drug use study. Monograph No. 3. Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. [M39]

Loxley, W., Bolleter, A. and Carruthers, S. (2001). Talking about testing: opportunities for prevention in blood borne virus testing and vaccination with injectors. National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology., Perth, Western Australia. [T111] Abstract

Carruthers, S. (2000). Safer Using. In Jones, J. (ed.) National Hepatitis C Resource Manual. Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra. pp. 54-56. [CH94]

Carruthers, S. (1999). In the eye of the camera for prevention. Australian Hepatitis Chronicle, July, (2). [UJ84]

Carruthers, S., Loxley, W. and Bevan, J., S. (1998). Changing the Habit - why and how do users change their drug consumption patterns? Journal of Substance Misuse, 3, (1), pp. 50-54. doi:10.3109/14659899809053470 [RJ240] View web page

Loxley, W., Bevan, J., S. and Carruthers, S. (1998). Sex, gender, drugs and risk: The Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use. International Journal on Drugs Policy, 9, (4), pp. 255-262. doi:10.1016/S0955-3959(98)00032-2 [RJ290] View web page

Carruthers, S., Ewers-Verge, J., Boots, K. and Midford, R. (1997). Investigations of alcohol and illicit drug use among a study group of west coast fishing industry workers. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T67]

Carruthers, S., Phillips, M., Loxley, W. and Bevan, J., S. (1997). The Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use. Part II: Predicting exposure to Hepatitis C and hepatitis B. Drug and Alcohol Review, 16, (3), pp. 215 - 220. doi:10.1080/09595239800187391 [RJ246] View web page

Loxley, W., Bevan, J., S. and Carruthers, S. (1997). Age and Injecting Drug Use Revisited: The Australian Study Of HIV And Injecting Drug Use. AIDS Care, 9, (6), pp. 661-670. doi:10.1080/713613232 [RJ268] View web page

Loxley, W., Phillips, M., Carruthers, S. and Bevan, J., S. (1997). The Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use. Part I: Prevalence for HIV, hepatitis B And hepatitis C among injecting drug users in four Australian cities. Drug and Alcohol Review, 16, (3), pp. 207-214. doi:10.1080/09595239800187381 [RJ247] View web page

Stockwell, T., R., Lenton, S., Loxley, W. and Carruthers, S. (1997). Submission to the Review of the WA Misuse of Drugs Act. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [R81]

Bevan, J., S., Loxley, W. and Carruthers, S. (1996). Getting on and getting off in Perth 1994. Report of the Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use (ASHIDU). National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T58]

Bevan, J., S., Loxley, W. and Carruthers, S. (1996). HIV Study Results. Drugwise, Winter, pp. 15-19. [UJ72]

Carruthers, S. (1996). Drug education - does it work? In Wilkinson, C. and Saunders, B. (eds.) Perspectives on Addiction: Making Sense of the Issues. William Montgomery Pty Ltd, Perth WA. pp. 90-96. [CH47] Abstract

Carruthers, S. (1995). Hep C. Letter to the Editor. Rolling Stone. [UJ81]

Carruthers, S. and Loxley, W. (1995). Hepatitis C and young drug users: are they about to join the epidemic? Australian Journal of Public Health, 19, (4), pp. 421-424. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00398.x [RJ204] View web page

Carruthers, S. and Macdonald, C. (1995). The availability of cigarettes to minors. Tobacco Control Journal, 4, (1), pp. 49-52. doi:10.1136/tc.4.1.49 [RJ186] View web page

Loxley, W., Carruthers, S. and Bevan, J., S. (1995). In the Same Vein. First report of the Australian Study of HIV and Injecting Drug Use (ASHIDU). National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T56]

Loxley, W., Carruthers, S., Wodak, A., Crofts, N., Dolan, K., Gaughwin, M. and Kaldor, J., M. (1995). Patterns of infection. National AIDS Bulletin, 9, (2), pp. 26-27. [UJ60] Abstract

Carruthers, S. and Loxley, W. (1994). Hepatitis C and young drug users. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T42]

Lenton, S., Donoghoe, M., Loxley, W., Ovenden, C. and Carruthers, S. (1994). IDUs, needle and syringe provision and harm reduction: the English and WA experience. Summary discussion paper of material presented at the workshop held on 22 September 1993. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [R42]

Carruthers, S. and James, R. (1993). Evaluation of the West Australian School Development in Health Education Project. Journal of School Health, 63, (4), pp. 165-168. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1993.tb06108.x [RJ124] View web page

Blaze-Temple, D., Carruthers, S., Binns, C., W. and Knowles, S., E. (1992). Effects of alcohol and tobacco on the foetus - women's knowledge and advice given by doctors. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 2, (3), pp. 32-37. [RJ91]

Blaze-Temple, D., Carruthers, S., Knowles, S., E. and Binns, C., W. (1992). Doctors' advice to pregnant women regarding alcohol and tobacco consumption. Medical Journal of Australia, July, (157), pp. 67. [RJ77]

Carruthers, S. and Binns, C., W. (1992). The standard drink and alcohol consumption. Drug and Alcohol Review, 11, (4), pp. 363-370. doi:10.1080/09595239200185491 [RJ83] View web page

James, R. and Carruthers, S. (1992). From evaluation report to policy: A case study of the formative evaluation of SDHE, Western Australia. Journal of School Health, 63, (4), pp. 165-168. [RJ101]

James, R., Carruthers, S. and Cameron, I. (1992). Meetings, workshops and action plans. A formative evaluation of the School Development in Health Education Project in Western Australia. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T27]

James, R. and Carruthers, S. (1991). The role of the school in the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse. Drug Education Journal of Australia, 5, (3), pp. 185-198. [RJ63]

Binns, C., W., Carruthers, S. and Howat, P., A. (1989). Thiamine in beer: A health promotion perspective. Community Health Studies, 13, (3), pp. 301-305. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1989.tb00210.x [RJ23] View web page

Binns, C., W., Carruthers, S., Blaze-Temple, D. and Maggiore, P. (1988). Wine coolers and children's tastes. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T4]

Carruthers, S. and Binns, C., W. (1987). Standard drink sizes for alcohol beverages - A pilot study. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T3]

Carruthers, S. and Binns, C., W. (1986). Thiamine and the prevention of the Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Division of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. [T1]

Flewellen, R., Lam, T., Carruthers, S. and Allsop, S. (2015). Clinician behavioural intention to perform screening and brief intervention for alcohol-related injury in the emergency department. Drug and Alcohol Review, 34. John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex. doi:10.1111/dar.12335 [UP35] View web page

Nielsen, S., Bruno, R., Carruthers, S. and Fisher, K., J. (2009). Investigation of Pharmaceutical Misuse Amongst Drug treatment Clients. [T]

(2006). Inquiry into Misuse/Abuse of Benzodiazepines and other Pharmaceutical Drugs. Drugs and Crime Prevention Committee - Parliament of Victoria. Authority Government Printer for the State of Victoria, Melbourne. ISBN: 0-9579188-9-5 [R]